THE FATE OF THE WORKING CLASS
" The Gleaners " by Jean Francois Millet, 1857 During the Middle Ages, European peasants worked land owned either by a wealthy nobleman or the church. The terms of their indentures required them to devote about 165 days of labor a year to their overlord. In the painting above, peasants gather grain that has fallen to the ground during the harvest process. The fruits of the harvest went to the land owner. The workers could keep what they managed to "glean" and grow a the small plot allocated to them. Russian serfs were required to devote some 150 days of labor to their overlord. Thus, the labor of these workers was "taxed" at a rate of roughly 44% (160/365). They were also periodically dragooned into their lord's army to fight wars they played no role in starting and from which they received no benefit. While this scheme allowed the nobility and church hierarchy to le...